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[Spec Decode] Add Sliding Window Attention support to DFlash drafter#40898

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[Spec Decode] Add Sliding Window Attention support to DFlash drafter#40898
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jianc99:dflash-swa-support

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@jianc99 jianc99 commented Apr 26, 2026

Purpose

Adds Sliding Window Attention (SWA) support to the DFlash speculative decoding drafter so DFlash draft models with mixed sliding_attention / full_attention layers can draft correctly.

Without this, SWA layers in the drafter lose their windowed-attention configuration and run as full attention, which hurts acceptance length on long-context inputs. This version is rebased onto current main and keeps the PR focused on generic DFlash/SWA infrastructure.

Changes

  • Preserve DFlash SWA config fields when extracting the speculators HF-format config.
  • Build DFlash draft attention layers with the correct sliding_window setting from layer_types.
  • Keep DFlash SWA visible to attention metadata while allocating full draft KV for those layers, so target-prewritten context K/V is not evicted by masked draft-block tokens.
  • Carry per-KV-group DFlash metadata so full-attention and SWA draft groups can coexist cleanly.
  • Use per-KV-group DFlash block tables and slot mappings while keeping the target/draft raw KV tensor shared, preserving effective KV capacity.
  • Add a small raw-KV layout bridge so shared DFlash K/V remains correct when target and draft attention backends expose different cache layouts.
  • Avoid the EAGLE cache-drop path for DFlash, where the draft context K/V is pre-written by the target model.
  • Normalize DFlash auxiliary layer IDs consistently: checkpoint-native dflash_config.target_layer_ids follow HF DFlash semantics and are shifted by +1 when converted to vLLM aux-hidden-state indices; already shifted eagle_aux_hidden_state_layer_ids are used as-is.
  • Include the normalized auxiliary layer IDs in the compile hash so changing DFlash target layer selection invalidates the compiled graph correctly.

Test Plan

Focused unit tests:

PATH=/home/zlab/miniconda3/envs/vllm-dflash/bin:$PATH python -m pytest \
  tests/v1/core/test_kv_sharing.py \
  tests/v1/worker/test_gpu_model_runner.py::test_kv_major_cache_can_share_block_major_raw_tensor \
  tests/v1/spec_decode/test_dflash_swa.py -q

Syntax/whitespace hygiene:

PATH=/home/zlab/miniconda3/envs/vllm-dflash/bin:$PATH python -m py_compile \
  tests/v1/spec_decode/test_dflash_swa.py \
  tests/v1/core/test_kv_sharing.py \
  tests/v1/worker/test_gpu_model_runner.py \
  vllm/config/speculative.py \
  vllm/model_executor/models/qwen3_dflash.py \
  vllm/transformers_utils/configs/speculators/algos.py \
  vllm/v1/core/kv_cache_utils.py \
  vllm/v1/core/sched/scheduler.py \
  vllm/v1/spec_decode/dflash.py \
  vllm/v1/spec_decode/llm_base_proposer.py \
  vllm/v1/worker/gpu_model_runner.py

git diff --check origin/main...HEAD
git diff --check

Real model verification:

vllm serve Qwen/Qwen3.5-122B-A10B \
  --tensor-parallel-size 4 \
  --speculative-config '{"model":"z-lab/Qwen3.5-122B-A10B-DFlash","method":"dflash","num_speculative_tokens":15}' \
  --attention-backend flash_attn \
  --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 \
  --max-model-len 262144 \
  --reasoning-parser qwen3 \
  --enable-auto-tool-choice \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder

vllm bench serve \
  --backend openai-chat \
  --base-url http://127.0.0.1:8000 \
  --endpoint /v1/chat/completions \
  --dataset-name custom \
  --dataset-path /home/zlab/workspace/jianc/repo/dflash/cache/humaneval.vllm.jsonl \
  --custom-output-len 4096 \
  --num-prompts 32 \
  --max-concurrency 4 \
  --model Qwen/Qwen3.5-122B-A10B \
  --temperature 0.0 \
  --skip-chat-template

Test Result

  • Pushed head: 23002d3f368a5a24641301bc71e4ae15dae89a24.
  • 11 passed, 16 warnings for focused DFlash/KV-sharing tests.
  • pre-commit run --files passed for the touched DFlash/KV files, including mypy.
  • py_compile passed for the touched Python files.
  • git diff --check origin/main...HEAD and git diff --check passed.

Qwen3.5-122B-A10B + z-lab/Qwen3.5-122B-A10B-DFlash, normal TP4 launch, 15 speculative tokens, HumanEval custom dataset smoke with 4096 output length:

Metric Result
Available KV cache memory 94.35 GiB
GPU KV cache size 5,988,876 tokens
Max concurrency at 262,144 tokens/request 22.85x
Successful requests 32 / 32
Output throughput 521.33 tok/s
Median TPOT 2.45 ms
Mean TPOT 4.50 ms
Acceptance rate 42.23%
Acceptance length 7.33
Draft tokens 57,045
Accepted tokens 24,089

The KV capacity result confirms this keeps the shared target/draft KV tensor path instead of splitting effective capacity between separate draft and target KV tensors.

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This pull request is from a fork — automated review is disabled. A repository maintainer can comment @claude review to run a one-time review.

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@mergify mergify Bot added qwen Related to Qwen models speculative-decoding v1 labels Apr 26, 2026
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Code Review

This pull request adds support for Sliding Window Attention (SWA) to DFlash speculative decoding, specifically targeting Qwen3 models. It introduces layer-type validation, configuration persistence for SWA parameters, and logic to generate causal metadata for sliding window layers. Review feedback points out that setting the attention module's sliding window attribute to None to maintain full KV allocation might inadvertently disable SWA in the compute path. Additionally, the metadata generation logic should be updated to ensure consistency between layer-level and group-level metadata to avoid potential structural bugs.

)
if sliding_window is not None:
# DFlash keeps full KV allocation while using SWA only for compute.
self.attn.sliding_window = None
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high

Setting self.attn.sliding_window = None here is highly likely to break Sliding Window Attention (SWA) for the compute path. In vLLM, the Attention layer's sliding_window attribute is used to generate the KVCacheSpec, which in turn configures the AttentionMetadataBuilder. If this attribute is None, the builder will not include window information in the attn_metadata, and the attention backend (e.g., FlashAttention) will likely default to full attention during the forward pass.

While the intent is to maintain full KV cache allocation, this should be achieved without hiding the window size from the compute path. A better approach would be to override get_kv_cache_spec in this class to return a spec with sliding_window=None while keeping the attribute set on the Attention layer, or ensuring the metadata builder is explicitly configured with the window size.

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Yeah this seems really hacky

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Agreed, this was too hacky. I removed the mutation.

The latest version keeps sliding_window on the attention layer so the compute path still sees SWA. To keep full KV allocation for DFlash, I added a small DFlashAttention wrapper that converts the returned SlidingWindowSpec into a FullAttentionSpec while preserving the sliding_window value. So SWA remains visible for metadata/backend selection, but the KV allocator does not drop old blocks for the DFlash draft cache.

Comment thread vllm/v1/spec_decode/dflash.py Outdated
Comment on lines +273 to +284
sliding_layer_names = getattr(self.model, "sliding_attention_layer_names", set())
if sliding_layer_names:
causal_cad = cad.replace(causal=True)
for attn_group in self.draft_attn_groups:
causal_layers = sliding_layer_names & set(attn_group.layer_names)
if not causal_layers:
continue
attn_metadata = attn_group.get_metadata_builder().build_for_drafting(
common_attn_metadata=causal_cad, draft_index=draft_index
)
for layer_name in causal_layers:
per_layer[layer_name] = attn_metadata
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high

This logic updates the per_layer mapping with causal metadata for SWA layers but leaves the per_group list (returned at line 298) containing the original non-causal metadata. In vLLM V1, while layers typically access metadata via per_layer, maintaining consistency with per_group is important for structural integrity and to avoid potential bugs in components that might iterate over groups. If an AttentionGroup contains mixed sliding and full attention layers, the group-level metadata will be inconsistent with the layer-level metadata. Consider updating per_group or ensuring that this inconsistency does not affect any backend-specific group-level operations.

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Great work, really appreciated! Hopefully this could be implemented and merged soon.

@Djordje-Stojanovic
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Cant wait to see this merged hopefully.

@benchislett benchislett added the verified Run pre-commit for new contributors without triggering other tests label Apr 30, 2026
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repne commented May 1, 2026

Hi @jianc99, thank you for the great PR. I've tested it extensively in the past few days without issues, but today against latest main it's not working properly. Over 128k context the process hangs (seemingly) indefinitely or the TTFT is in minutes.

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jianc99 commented May 1, 2026

@repne Thanks for reporting the issue! I will take a look and fix it.

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repne commented May 2, 2026

Thanks for the fix, I cannot reproduce it anymore with latest main

attn_type=attn_type,
)
if sliding_window is not None:
# DFlash keeps full KV allocation while using SWA only for compute.
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Why? What's the point?

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What's stopping us from handling this properly?

self.config.draft_vocab_size, scale=logit_scale
self.config.draft_vocab_size,
scale=logit_scale,
soft_cap=getattr(self.config, "final_logit_softcapping", None),
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why is this added?

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Seems like it's not used in the dflash checkpoint...
https://huggingface.co/z-lab/Qwen3.5-122B-A10B-DFlash/blob/main/config.json

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Oh, this is for the incoming gemma4 draft model. During training we directly borrow the lm_head and embedding from gemma4 target model, which uses embedding scaling and logits soft capping. It's not related to the Qwen3.5-122B model. I will open another PR for this feature.

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Removed from this PR. That change is for the incoming Gemma4 DFlash checkpoint and is unrelated to Qwen3.5 DFlash SWA, so I split it out into a separate branch/PR.

Comment thread vllm/v1/worker/gpu_model_runner.py Outdated
is_dflash = self.speculative_config.method == "dflash"
layer_ids = getattr(hf_config, "eagle_aux_hidden_state_layer_ids", None)
if not layer_ids:
if is_dflash or not layer_ids:
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what's the point of this change?

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Removed from this PR. This branch is now stacked on #40727, so the DFlash auxiliary layer-id indexing fix stays there instead of being mixed into the SWA change.

Comment thread vllm/v1/worker/gpu_model_runner.py Outdated

if layer_ids and isinstance(layer_ids, (list, tuple)):
if is_dflash:
return tuple(layer_id + 1 for layer_id in layer_ids)
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This is a bit complicated with speculators. WIP here: #40727

if layer_name in sliding_layer_names:
assert getattr(attn_metadata, "causal", None) is True, (
f"Attention metadata for sliding layer {layer_name} does not have"
" causal support, which is required for DFlash SWA."
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Wait, DFlash SWA is causal? How/why?

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Yes, the SWA layers are made causal mainly for compatibility with existing attention backends, since some backends have poor support for non-causal SWA. DFlash is still block diffusion drafting; this is just an implementation choice for the SWA mask. I also verified empirically that, for single-step diffusion drafting, causal SWA performs very similarly to non-causal SWA.

@jianc99 jianc99 force-pushed the dflash-swa-support branch from bb3dea0 to 29feba4 Compare May 5, 2026 06:27
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@jianc99 jianc99 force-pushed the dflash-swa-support branch from da1cc9d to ad4e3e9 Compare May 10, 2026 05:38
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@jianc99 jianc99 force-pushed the dflash-swa-support branch from ad4e3e9 to 9436a21 Compare May 10, 2026 08:37
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benchislett and others added 10 commits May 10, 2026 09:59
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Chislett <bchislett@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jian Chen <jianchen0311@gmail.com>
@jianc99 jianc99 force-pushed the dflash-swa-support branch from 4789466 to 23002d3 Compare May 10, 2026 10:06
repne added a commit to repne/vllm that referenced this pull request May 10, 2026
…nd KV cache utils

Step 1 (SpeculativeConfig):
- Fallback to dflash_config.target_layer_ids in compute_hash() when
  eagle_aux_hidden_state_layer_ids is not set, with +1 shift to match
  vLLM hidden-state extraction semantics
- New requires_eagle_cache_drop() property that returns False for DFlash
  (DFlash writes all context KV before drafting, so no cache drop needed)

Step 2 (speculators/algos.py):
- Forward SWA-related config keys (layer_types, use_sliding_window,
  sliding_window, max_window_layers) through update_dflash()
- Shift eagle_aux_hidden_state_layer_ids by +1 to align with vLLM's
  layer indexing (draft model uses 0-based, runner uses 1-based)
- Remove TODO comment now that the shift is applied

Step 3 (scheduler.py):
- Add self.requires_eagle_cache_drop attribute derived from
  speculative_config.requires_eagle_cache_drop()
- Replace self.use_eagle with self.requires_eagle_cache_drop in:
  KVCacheManager constructor, mamba block-aligned split guard, and
  encoder input scheduling (2 call sites). DFlash speculative decoding
  no longer triggers unnecessary cache pruning.

Step 4 (kv_cache_utils.py):
- Replace index-based loop with named variable over kv_cache_groups for
  readability and safety

Co-authored-by: vLLM upstream PR vllm-project#40898 contributors
repne added a commit to repne/vllm that referenced this pull request May 10, 2026
…support in qwen3_dflash

Changes to vllm/model_executor/models/qwen3_dflash.py:

- New imports: Mapping (for per-layer slot mapping), FullAttentionSpec,
  KVCacheSpec, SlidingWindowSpec (for KV cache spec widening)

- DFlashAttention class (subclass of Attention): overrides get_kv_cache_spec()
  to widen SlidingWindowSpec to FullAttentionSpec. DFlash writes every context
  KV before drafting and cannot evict old context blocks from sliding-window
  layers, so the KV cache must be allocated as full attention.

- _get_dflash_layer_types() helper: resolves per-layer attention type from
  config.layer_types, defaults to all full_attention. Validates layer type
  names and that sliding_window is configured when sliding_attention is used.

- DFlashQwen3DecoderLayer: added layer_type parameter, tracked on self.
  Kept sliding_window uniform across all layers (getattr from config) to
  maintain single KV cache group for the drafter model.

- DFlashQwen3Model: uses layer_types to configure decoder layers, exposes
  sliding_attention_layer_names set for the proposer's metadata building.

- precompute_and_store_context_kv: context_slot_mapping now accepts
  Mapping[str, torch.Tensor] for per-layer slot assignments. Cache insert
  loop extracts the correct slot mapping per layer.

- DFlashQwen3ForCausalLM: updated signature to match, exposes
  sliding_attention_layer_names property.

Note: The original code already had per_layer_sliding_window=sliding_window
in Attention(). The conditional layer_type-specific sliding_window from the
upstream PR was NOT applied because it would split DFlash layers into
different KV cache groups, breaking the single-group assertion in
llm_base_proposer.py. Instead, the layer_type tracking is purely for the
proposer's per-layer causal/non-causal metadata building.

Co-authored-by: vLLM upstream PR vllm-project#40898 contributors
repne added a commit to repne/vllm that referenced this pull request May 10, 2026
…n base proposer

Changes to vllm/v1/spec_decode/llm_base_proposer.py:

- New imports: KVCacheSpec (added to existing KVCacheConfig import)

- New attributes on SpecDecodeBaseProposer:
  _draft_layer_to_kv_cache_gid: maps each draft layer name to its KV cache
  group ID
  _draft_kv_cache_group_ids: sorted list of unique group IDs used by
  draft layers

- New hook method allow_multiple_draft_kv_cache_groups() -> bool:
  Returns False by default (single-group constraint for EAGLE/draft models).
  DFlashProposer overrides this to return True.

- Rewrite initialize_attn_backend(): Replaces the monolithic single-group
  lookup with per-layer-to-group mapping. The attention_groups dict key now
  includes (gid, backend_key, layer_kv_cache_spec) instead of just
  (backend_key), allowing draft layers from different KV cache groups to
  be properly grouped. The single-group validation is now gated behind
  allow_multiple_draft_kv_cache_groups().

Backend-agnostic: Uses abstract get_attn_backend(), AttentionGroup, and
KVCacheSpec interfaces. No backend-specific code.

Co-authored-by: vLLM upstream PR vllm-project#40898 contributors
repne added a commit to repne/vllm that referenced this pull request May 10, 2026
…rs, slot mappings, SWA metadata

Changes to vllm/v1/spec_decode/dflash.py:

Imports:
- Moved replace from dataclasses to vllm.config (VllmConfig, replace)
- Added KVCacheConfig import

New __init__ attributes:
- _slot_mapping_buffers_by_gid: per-KV-group (context, query) slot mapping pairs
- _draft_block_size_by_gid: per-KV-group block sizes for triton kernel
- _draft_block_tables: per-KV-group block tables (set by gpu_model_runner)

New override methods:
- allow_multiple_draft_kv_cache_groups() -> True: enables multi-KV-group support
- initialize_attn_backend(): calls super() then populates per-KV-group block
  sizes and ensures slot mapping buffers are allocated
- clear_draft_block_tables(): resets block tables before each step
- set_draft_block_table(kv_cache_gid, block_table): receives block tables from
  gpu_model_runner per KV cache group

New helper methods:
- _ensure_slot_mapping_buffers(): lazy-allocates per-KV-group buffers,
  reuses existing buffers for the primary group
- _draft_kv_gids(): resolves draft KV group IDs from inherited attributes
- _get_dflash_block_table(kv_cache_gid, cad): looks up per-KV-group block
  table, falls back to cad's block table
- _get_dflash_context_slot_mapping(num_context): returns context slot mappings
  as dict[str, torch.Tensor] when layers span multiple KV groups
- _get_slot_mapping() override: returns per-layer slot mappings when
  layers span multiple KV groups

Rewrote set_inputs_first_pass():
- Loops over draft KV group IDs, dispatching triton kernel per group
- Uses per-KV-group block tables, slot mapping buffers, and block sizes
- Builds new CommonAttentionMetadata with primary group's block table

Updated build_model_inputs_first_pass():
- Calls _get_dflash_context_slot_mapping() for per-layer context slot mapping

Rewrote build_per_group_and_layer_attn_metadata():
- Builds per-group metadata with per-KV-group block tables and slot mappings
- Applies causal metadata overlay for SWA layers (sliding_attention_layer_names)
- Asserts causal=True for SWA layers, causal=False for full attention layers

FlashInfer adaptation note:
- build_for_drafting(causal=True/False) works correctly with FlashInfer because
  FlashInferMetadataBuilder.build() reads common_attn_metadata.causal and
  FlashInferMetadata has causal: bool field. The per-layer causal override for
  SWA layers is handled by the causal/non-causal assertion checks.

Co-authored-by: vLLM upstream PR vllm-project#40898 contributors
repne added a commit to repne/vllm that referenced this pull request May 10, 2026
…dge + DFlash block table injection

Changes to vllm/v1/worker/gpu_model_runner.py:

Change A - DFlash block table injection:
- In the attention metadata build loop, detect DFlashProposer and call
  clear_draft_block_tables() before the loop
- Inside the kv_cache_gid loop, call set_draft_block_table() to inject
  per-KV-group block tables into the DFlash drafter

Change C - New helper methods for KV cache stride/mapping:
- _get_kv_cache_stride_order(): Extracts stride order from AttentionBackend
  with fallback to identity ordering
- _get_standard_kv_cache_orders(): Maps backend stride order to named
  public/physical dimension orderings (kv/block/token/head/dim), detecting
  (2, num_blocks, ...) vs (num_blocks, 2, ...) layouts
- _view_kv_cache_with_physical_order(): Creates torch.as_strided view with
  physical stride ordering for cross-backend stride compatibility
- _get_attention_kv_cache_shape(): Computes KV cache shape from spec,
  handling storage_block_size != block_size for MLA with compression
- _get_raw_tensor_physical_orders(): Scans all attention groups to collect
  physical stride orders per raw tensor, enabling multi-group physical order
  detection

Change D - Rewrite _reshape_kv_cache_tensors attention block:
- Uses new helper methods instead of inline shape/stride computation
- Adds physical-order bridging: when a raw tensor is shared across multiple
  attention groups with different stride orders, creates a strided view
  matching the shared physical order instead of the default backend order
- Falls back to existing contiguous/view/permute path when physical order
  bridging is not applicable (padded pages, mismatched layouts, etc.)

FlashInfer adaptation:
- Helper methods call get_kv_cache_stride_order() and get_kv_cache_shape()
  dynamically on the backend type — works identically for FlashInfer
- Physical-order bridging uses torch.as_strided for stride remapping,
  independent of kernel-level layout
- No behavioral changes for single-backend (no shared raw tensors)

Co-authored-by: vLLM upstream PR vllm-project#40898 contributors
repne added a commit to repne/vllm that referenced this pull request May 10, 2026
New test file tests/v1/spec_decode/test_dflash_swa.py (5 tests):
- test_dflash_speculators_preserves_swa_config: SWA fields (layer_types,
  use_sliding_window, sliding_window, max_window_layers) flow through
  SpeculatorsConfig.extract_transformers_pre_trained_config
- test_dflash_compile_hash_uses_checkpoint_layer_id_semantics: Hash
  consistency between dflash_config.target_layer_ids and
  eagle_aux_hidden_state_layer_ids (shifted by +1)
- test_dflash_swa_layers_use_full_kv_cache_spec: DFlashAttention
  get_kv_cache_spec widens SlidingWindowSpec to FullAttentionSpec
- test_dflash_swa_layers_use_causal_metadata:
  build_per_group_and_layer_attn_metadata sets causal=True for SWA
  layers, causal=False for full attention layers
- test_dflash_metadata_uses_per_kv_group_slot_mapping: Per-KV-group
  block tables and slot mappings are correctly assigned to layers

Added to tests/v1/core/test_kv_sharing.py:
- test_dflash_draft_kv_groups_keep_hybrid_tensor_sharing: DFlash with
  multiple KV cache groups keeps tensors shared across groups

Added to tests/v1/worker/test_gpu_model_runner.py:
- test_kv_major_cache_can_share_block_major_raw_tensor: Verifies
  _view_kv_cache_with_physical_order creates correct strided views
  for two different physical orderings

All tests use mock objects (_FakeBuilder, _FakeAttentionGroup) and
SimpleNamespace stubs — fully backend-agnostic, no real GPU or
attention backend required.

All 8 tests pass.

Co-authored-by: vLLM upstream PR vllm-project#40898 contributors
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